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---
title: C++ Tutorial | Learn C++ Programming Language - Scaler Topics
description: This C++ tutorial on Scaler Topics will teach you all concepts in C++, from the fundamentals to the advanced concepts. Beginners and even professionals can easily follow this C++ tutorial.
author: 
---

:::section{.main}
## What is C++?
C++ is a general purpose programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in `1979`. It was created as an extension to the C programming language and was initially called "C with classes". 

C++ is a `middle-level programming language`. It has features of both high and low level programming languages.
:::
:::section{.main}
## Why Learn C++?

If anyone wants to learn to program, the C++ programming language can be a great choice. Let us look at the reason why anyone should learn C++:

* C++ teaches you the concept of object-oriented programming. 
* C++ is close to the hardware. It lets you manage your program's memory, resulting in efficient and robust software development.
* C++ is faster than the most commonly used languages like Java, Python, or JavaScript.
* C++ is used to develop browsers, games, and even operating systems.
* C++ teaches you about different data types, the scope of variables, the difference between a compiler, linker, and loader, and much more.
* After learning C++, it becomes much easier to learn new languages like Python or JavaScript.
:::
:::section{.main}
## C++ Program
This C++ tutorial provides C++ programs and their Explanation along with a C++ compiler, allowing you to easily modify the code:

```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    cout << "Hello World!";
    return 0;
}
```

**Output**
```plaintext
Hello World!
```

:::

:::section{.main}
## Applications of C++ Programming
C++ is being used in various popular fields like:

* **Operating Systems**: `Windows, Mac OS and Linux`, are all developed in C++. C++ is the backbone of many operating systems because it is fast, reliable, and efficient.
* **Databases**: `Postgres and MySQL` are written in C++ and C. These databases are two of the most widely used databases across the world.
* **Cloud Storage Systems**: C++ is used to develop cloud storage systems because is it very close to the hardware and is compatible with many machines.
* **Programming Libraries**: C++ is used to develop many high level libraries like TensorFlow because of its high speed.
* **Browsers**: The rendering engine of many browsers is written in C++ because of its speed and low latency.
:::

:::section{.main}
## Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs)
`Object-oriented programming` is an approach to programming that allows us to create classes and objects in our code. The main reason why C++ was created over C was to introduce object-oriented programming. 

The four major concepts of object-oriented programming used in C++ are:

1. Inheritance
2. Polymorphism
3. Abstraction
4. Encapsulation
:::
:::section{.main}
## C++ Standard Libraries

The standard C++ library is composed of:

1. **The core library** - It includes variables, data types, etc.
2. **The Standard Library** - It includes functions, manipulating strings, files, etc.
3. **The Standard Template Library (STL)** - It includes methods to manipulate a data structure.

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:::section{.main}
## Usage of C++
We can use C++ programs to develop various applications like:

* Client-Server applications
* Windows applications
* Embedded firmware
* Drivers
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## Prerequisites
The only prerequisite to learning C++ is the basic functionality of computer programs.
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## Audience
By following this C++ tutorial, you will gain a solid understanding of the language and be able to progress to more advanced topics. This tutorial is intended for software programmers who want to learn the C++ programming language from the very beginning. It provides enough knowledge to serve as a foundation for building a higher level of expertise in C++ programming.

:::

:::section{.main}
## What will you Learn in This C++ Tutorial?
In this C++ tutorial, we will learn:

* History of C++
* C++ features 
* Variables and data types in C++
* C++ operators
* Control statements in C++
* Functions in C++
* C++ pointers
* C++ arrays
* Object-oriented programming
* Namespaces in C++
* C++ templates
* Exception handling in C++
* Standard Library in C++
:::


This C++ tutorial will teach you all concepts in C++, from the fundamentals to the advanced concepts. Beginners and even professionals can easily follow this C++ tutorial.

C++ Tutorial

C++ Origin and philosophy - History of C++

Difference Between C and C++

The History of C++

C++ Environment Setup

Mechanism of Creating a Programme in C++ 

C++ Comments and C-style Comment in C++

C++ Header Files

Namespaces in C++

C++ Coding Standards

Statements in C++

Programme Structure and Best Practices in C++

Data Types in C++

Modifiers in C++

Constants in c++

Keywords in C++

Variables in C++

Auto in C++

Difference Between UNICODE and ASCII

Binary Representation of A Given Number in C++

Type Conversion in C++

Operators in C++

Expressions in C++

Data Dealing in C++

Loop in C++

Jump Statement in C++

Control Flow in C++

Functions in C++

Library Functions in C++

C++ Recursion

Preprocessor Directives in C++

More about functions in C++

Pointers in C++

Pointers vs References in C++

Opaque Pointer in C++

Smart Pointers in C++

Pointers to Pointers in C++

Functions with Variable Number of Arguments in C++

Complex Declarations in C++

Pointers to Functions in C++

Pointers and References in C++

Array in C++

Strings in C++

Union and Enum in C++

Compound Data Types in C++

Storage Classes in C++

Procedural Programming and Object Oriented Programming in C++

Classes and Objects in C++

Constructor and Destructor in C++

Abstraction in C++

Generic Programming in C++

‘this’ Pointer in C++

Static Member in C++

Object Oriented Programming

Operator Overloading in C++

Friend Function in C++

Dynamic Memory Allocation in C++

Dynamic Members

Inheritance in C++

Type Conversions in Class Hierarchies

Polymorphism in C++

Abstract Class in C++

Multiple Inheritance in C++

Templates in C++

Exception Handling in C++

File Handling in C++

Advance Concepts of OOPS

Map in C++

C++ Container Types and Sequences

Set in C++

Multiset in C++

Multimap in C++

Stack in C++

Queue in C++

Deque in C++

Vector in C++

List in C++

Priority Queue in C++

Pair in C++

Lambda Expression in C++

lvalue and rvalue in C++

Concurrent Programming and Low-Level Programming

new Operator in C++

Uses of C++

Miscellaneous